Bihar SACS: bouquet of broken promises?

You just can’t beat the ingenuity of low-level government functionaries in Bihar who want to shirk responsibility and foil attempts to bring them to book. No matter what promises and undertakings the Bihar Government has made to the Patna High Court, people living with HIV are still at the receiving end of discrimination, abuse and neglect, caused by the very people being paid to assist them.

In 2010, the then health minister of Bihar had told them ‘why should we bother about you’? Left with no other option, Sanjeet Singh and other doughty HIV positive people, with the help of public spirited lawyers, moved the High Court at Patna. Hearing after hearing, and one by one, each judgement brought some relief, as the Bihar government and BSACS acknowledged their responsibility to provide treatment and relief to people living with HIV [PLHA], especially those from the labouring classes.



Sanjeet Singh: soldiering on...

The State government committed that the supply of life-saving ART drugs would be maintained faithfully, that the ART centres for HIV positive people would be made hygienic and equipped with toilets, that special schemes for children living with HIV would be formulated. Four years on, with the assurances given to the High court remaining largely on paper, with HIV positive patients still being ridiculed, discriminated against and even refused treatment by government medical service providers, activists are wondering whether the fight would have top be taken to the Supreme Court.

“What does one do when the entire establishment is in some sort of a conspiracy?”  asks Singh. “Refer to the High court judgement where the  BSACS project director  and principal secretary Health assured the court that the government  would supply  ART (anti-retrovral treatment) 365 days and they were to  ensure stocks of  two months’ advance supply to avoid shortages. The reality is that for the past one month the essential drugs in the ART regime are not being dispensed and the patients are frantic. The government ART centres run short of the drugs. The situation is such that there is a tacit understanding within the department that no correspondence should be generated on the matter so that there is no paper trail, in order to duck accountability and escape ‘action’ later.”

Singh, a member of Bihar Network of Positive people and attached to CHMU (Community Health Medicinal Unit) alleges that  BSACS functionaries are refusing to register more HIV positive persons for ART, in order to avoid ‘complications’. The logic being ‘There’s no stock, if we register them, from where will we get the medicines?’ These unfortunates are running from pillar to post.  

Functionaries at the government ART centres hand out  ‘prescriptions’  on scraps of paper and the patients are  told to buy the drugs elsewhere. There is a provision that in the case of shortage, the patient may be directed to buy ART medicine from a private pharmacy, and the record is kept in the ART book, so that the registered patient be reimbursed. (These drugs are available at very high rates in the open market). BSACS had given an undertaking to this effect in the court. The ART functionaries in gross violation, merely give the patients a scrap of paper with the name of the drug written on it. Evidently, this scrap of paper is not valid for reimbursement.

The situation is such that, even those patients who were lucky to have their purchases recorded in the ART book previous months, have not been reimbursed. Daily wage earners with a hand to mouth existence can’t afford to cough up for medicine that costs in the range of a thousand rupees every time, says Singh.

Singh’s own commitment to the cause has been the loss of his infant son to AIDS related complications largely brought on due to the negligence, apathy and dysfunctional State Aids Control Society services.

“What’s to be done? Do we have to start another agitation? Do we once again knock at the doors of the Court?” This is a question that a coalition of NGOs may soon be taking up. Watch this space.

Author: Frank Krishner

Bringing the Deep back into Deepawali

The festival of lights is around the corner, and as has become the norm, the environmental clubs of city schools and colleges plan human chains and such, calling for less noise, less wastage, and less consumption.

Some folks are a bit fed up with all the activism and noise around Diwali  fireworks and  noise pollution. In fact, there may be a strong case for setting off a few rockets and roman candles, some believe.

 “Diwali brings with it the ‘kali poka’ those tiny green insects. The change in season witnesses a multiplication of insects because it is their breeding time. One method to control the insect population is to use sulphur gas. The  fire crackers during Diwali release sulphur gas, which helps in killing the insects around us. Yes, we actually control insect population by bursting crackers. But fireworks have become a vexed issue,what with all the negative publicity and links to child labour with the cracker industry,” asserts K. Srinivas, a social activist.

This week Taru Mitra, (the friends of trees), India’s largest student  environment group, called for going back to the traditional earthen lamps, and shunning the use of those fancy electric bulbs (mainly the cheap ones imported from China) that have become so popular and ubiquitous. ‘Bring the Deep back to Deepawali’ is the new slogan.

 Why this sudden insistence on going back to the ‘polluting’ soot-spouting old-fashioned diya?

“Aha,!” says Taru Mitra’s Jesuit founder and eco-spirituality guru Robert Athickal, “One electric bulb is twenty times more polluting and harmful to the earth than an earthen lamp. Look at the amount of precious electricity that we consume on illuminations. In Bihar, we use thermal power, and we do have a power supply famine. The diya is traditional. It is also earth friendly.”

Think of how the skilled potters are starving, a social thinker might say. Whatever money they could earn from the sale of humble earthen lamps has dwindled, thanks to the shrinking demand. Let’s buy a few more earthen diyas so that these humble folk can keep their home fires burning.

Latika Mishra from Jharkhand blogs, “Notwithstanding the spiritual reasons to celebrate the festival of lights, there is a scientific fact behind it.” She points out that the Diwali season is marked by the abundance of an insect called the 'tiny leaf-hopper' of the cycadilladae family.  This insect feeds on plant sap and can transmit plant infecting viruses and bacteria. They are of sporadic occurrence in the rice growing areas. They have piercing and sucking mouth parts and are serious threats to rice cultivation as they can transmit the virus to standing paddy. Nymphs and adults both have the capacity to damage the crop.

Rice has a close association with Hindu rituals. Sage Parashara has laid stress on essentiality of rice cultivation and in his treatise called 'Krishi Parashar' sings, "Rice is vitality, rice is vigour and rice is indeed the fulfilment of all ends of life. Gods, demons and human beings all subsist on rice."

Burning of earthen lamps is a way to protect the civilization from starvation, as rice is the principle crop in the subcontinent. The sages used the return of King Rama as a pretext to get people to light thousands of earthen lamps, thus successfully removing the insect from the environment, for insects are attracted to the fire and are killed. So, Diwali  is marked by the mass killing of insects- tiny leaf-hoppers and mosquitoes that are abundant during the season every year, and pose a threat to crop cultivation and human nutrition.

What a beautiful, non-toxic way to get rid of pests! Now pause for a moment, do those fancy electric fairy lights have any use other than looking pretty, and gorging on electricity? The humble earthen lamp provides a livelihood to the poor potters, protects us from biting insects, and even wards away famine. What’s your call?

Author: Frank Krishner

Celebrate diversity say Christian Communicators

A week ago, an event that took place in New Delhi has caused ripples within certain sections of the population in Patna. A rally at Jantar Mantar coincided with the release of a report that detailed some 600 cases of violence and hate-based anti-social activities against minority communities across India since May 18 this year. This rally, largely ignored by the print and electronic media, is an important conversation piece among the more aware sections of the Christian populace.

 Visiting the Bihar capital this week was Sunil Lucas, the National President of SIGNIS, the social communications wing of the Catholic Church, who mirrored the anxiety being felt by Christians when news about attacks on priests or pastors  are becoming commonplace. “It’s natural that a sense of insecurity will creep in unless the Prime Minister deals firmly with all those who are spreading misconceptions and hate, vitiating the unity and harmony of the country,” he said.

Patna will be the venue for the National Assembly of the Social Communications wing of the Catholic Church, where some 120 representatives of Christian and secular communications organizations and professionals will meet around the theme ‘Cultural Diversity’, to emphasis we India’s multi-lingual, multi-faith, and multi- cultural identity.

“Christians are a small minority in Bihar, but our commitment and contribution to the state in several fields, mainly education and health is significant. We stand for a united India. As Christian  audio-visual  communicators, it is our duty to show unity, brotherhood and peace between all communities in our productions, be they films or videos,” says local video film maker Victor Francis, who has directed one of Patna Doordarshan’s earliest Bhojpuri serials.

“Ahimsa is what Jesus taught, and so it is natural that our priests advocate non-violence and faith in the rule of law, but some vested interests now take our peaceful attitude as a weakness, and Christians become soft targets. Beat up the Christians in a church and they will not react, break up their church and they will forgive you, even burn their church leaders alive and instead of crying for revenge and instigating a riot, the widows will say, “I forgive them in the name of Jesus”. The point is that there comes a breaking point,” says Rajesh Tirkey, a Tribal Catholic youth  from Bodh Gaya, who was one of the several youngsters who actively supported Narendra Modi during the Lok Sabha election campaign. “Several of us voted for change, believing that India needed a strong leader. We didn’t think of caste, religion, or class. We pray that this trust is not broken.”

The meaning of secularism needs to be debated across all forums, says Sylvester, a second year student at St. Xavier's College. A secular government should not lean towards any faith-based organization be it Muslim, Hindu, Christian, Jain, or Buddhist. In the meanwhile, the community leaders are closely watching the shape the discourse takes as the political climate shifts and changes shape in Bihar.

Author: Frank Krishner

Reasons to celebrate ...

Author: Frank Krishner

So October is here with a bang, action packed, what with a national cleanliness campaign being launched on World Non-violence Day (October 2), and Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s maiden speech over All India Radio attracting listeners from Harnaut to Hajipur and  later in the evening, the chilling news of a stampede in the heart of Patna.

International day for Older persons (October 1) passed quietly as usual, lost in the Navratra celebrations. October 4, the birthday of St. Francis of Assisi (and my feast day) was World Animal Day.  International teacher’s day is celebrated on the 5^th of October, and that’s when the UN focuses on teacher’s issues. No plans are afoot to observe this day in India. 

The first Monday of October is when the UN celebrates World Habitat Day. The theme  is especially significant for Patna and other cities in Bihar. This year, the United Nations chose the theme ‘Voices from Slums’. The World Habitat Day 2014 campaign aims to recognize life in slums and give a voice to slum dwellers for improving quality of living conditions in existing slums.  

This year, the festival of Bakr Id also falls on October 6-7, and since the festival is also about showing charity to the poor, we could be more conscious of this while offering our prayers, suggested a student who believes that “faith must also reflect twenty first century concerns”. Of course, suggesting that one become vegetarian on a day like this is an apostasy, and it would be wise for publicity seeking PETA activists to think carefully before making brainless appeals.

World Post Day is celebrated each year on October 9, the anniversary of the establishment of the Universal Postal Union. It’s when philatelists look forward to new stamps and products from the General Post Office to add to their collections. October 10 is World Mental Health Day

Yet another reason to celebrate girls comes around on October 11, the international day of the Girl Child. It’s yet another opportunity for us to remind ourselves and our neighbours that we have to keep girls in school, and empower them,  says a resource person from Bihar Mahila Samakhya on whose desk lie numerous case studies of parents who resist educating their girls beyond the fifth grade. October 13 is the International day for Disaster Reduction.

Don’t forget to wash your hands on October 15, because you may be pulled up by schoolchildren, rural women, Panchayat ward members. Bihar will be observing Global Handwashing Day with poster competitions, rallies, and other activities.

Village women have their own day to celebrate themselves and their achievements, and October 15 is when leading NGOs that run Bihar’s self help women’s groups will be looking to organize programmes. “This can be tied in with  World Food Day which is on October 16, especially as several state government programmes are being run to promote women cultivators,” observed a social activist. 

“The festival of lights falls on October 23^rd and that’s an occasion for all of us to celebrate,” says Melvin from Kurji, and of course Chhat will follow six days later, and that’s Bihar’s mega bathing festival.

On October 24, the United Nations celebrates itself, and it is also the World day for Development Information.

On  October 27  call over friends and watch all those classic movies and sing out those really old songs because it is World day for Audiovisual heritage. Audiovisual documents, such as films, radio and television programmes are our common heritage and contain the primary records of the 20th and 21st centuries. They help to maintain our diverse cultural identity; but countless documentary treasures have disappeared since the invention of image and sound technologies that help us to share experiences, creativity and knowledge. All of the world's audiovisual heritage is endangered, and that’s why this day was earmarked in 2005.

October 29 is International Internet day, and October 31 is an excuse to hold fancy dress parties because it is Halloween. Have an eventful October.

Daughter's Day... What's that?

Footloose & Fancy Free: the uncensored version

This weekend the ‘jolly pages’ of a local English daily tried to tell us that the hep and happening creatures were busy planning mega splurges for Daughters’ Day.

And when’s that? This Sunday, of course. Some people dreamed up this idea around the year 2011, to celebrate a new ‘daughters’ day’ in India on the fourth Sunday of September, and of late, the sellers of soaps, shampoos, baubles and Barbie dolls have yet another excuse to pick parents’ pockets.

So what’s this ‘daughters day’ tamasha all about? Who should know better than the women in the NGO sector? So one phoned Bihar’s most prominent women’s organization, the Bihar Mahika Samakhya Society. “Daughters Day on Sunday? You’re not serious? We already have a women’s day, a day for the girl child, the One Billion Rising Campaign, and we initiated the Celebrate your daughter days all over the state. Whose idea was this one? Not the government of India, otherwise there would have been a circular to that effect!” That was their answer.


Thinking that UNICEF would probably be the best place to get an answer, one diligently rang up Nipurnh Gupta, the rights and media point person. If anyone should know about daughters days in the offing, it had to be Nipurnh. Anyway in the past week, she was behind a workshop for kids and cinema, and a two day regional conference that stressed the duty of the media to inform everyone about prompt and regular immunization of babies, especially daughters. Ms Gupta, hemmed and hawed a bit, and then said that if anyone came up with the idea of having a daughter’s day it was a good thing. “The more the idea that one should cherish daughters is brought into the discourse, somewhere it will impact the adverse sex ratio. Let’s ask parents whether they have really made sure that their baby daughters have received all the immunization? Has the child received DPT three times before she reaches 7 years of age? Has she received two doses of immunization for Japanese encephalitis before she reaches two years? What about Hepatitis B vaccine before her first birthday celebration?”



So, I decided to do a quick pop survey. Out popped my phone and I did a bit of screen tapping, and waited for the results.


Professor Muniba Sami what’sapped: “Daughter’s Day- this Sunday? For us every day is our daughter’s day.” Media professional Ann Mary John messaged, “Till date haven’t celebrated it, heard it was on the 28th, and I’m not sure that many of us are aware of this day. Marketing ploy?” Mehraz Haque, currently doing a PHD from Banaras Hindu University messaged: ‘Had no idea about this. Great. Wonderful opportunity to demand something from Daddy dear.”


So now, what's Daughter’s Day about? For the few with expendable incomes, it’s another reason to splurge and party; for those in the social work sector, it is another opportunity to drive home the point that daughters are not expendable, and to combat what they perceive as patriarchy and misogynist traditions; for the businessmen it’s a potential market to be exploited. For the harried middle class urban parents living in boxes called apartments, it’s a beautiful opportunity to stop for a moment and tell their little girls aged 5 to 50… that they are truly special.


Come on ye Fairy Godmothers! Celebrate that hardworking Cinderella. Pull her out of the pantry, wipe her face and give her a pair of glass slippers, take her on a ride to the Mall, waltz her into the food court. Treat her like a princess. Never Mind, she’ll be back among the pots and pans come Monday morning!


Author: Frank Krishner

The beat on the street goes on

Footloose and Fancy Free/ Frank Krishner

He stands with arms held aloft, his face dripping with sweat.  Strewn around him are bodies, still and silent. He cries out in a loud voice, “Main Nahin Chahta Yeh Nafrat Ka Dangal ,Yeh Jalta Shaher, Yeh Maut Ka Mangal… I don’t want this dance of hatred, this burning city, this festival of death…” It’s a pleasant day in February, just following a week of uncertain and inclement weather. The man is a performer, plying his art in the pleasant warmth of a pre-spring afternoon, in front of a cluster of people of all ages on the historic Gandhi Maidan of Patna.

The audience, some sitting on the ground, others standing, are engrossed in the performance. It is a street play about violence fanned by religious bigots, reflecting harsh realities of life. The show is part of a three day festival of street theatre, being held in memory of Jacob Srampickal, a Jesuit who devoted a lot of energy to studying and revival of the ‘theatre of the people’ in Bihar. Twenty five years ago, Srampickal held the first ‘All Bihar Nukkad Natak Festival’ at Ravi Bharati near Sadaquat Ashram.  The festival, an annual event, continues to this day.

“Street theatre is people-friendly. The dynamic and mobile nature of street theatre makes it possible to go to people where theatre is not accessible:  like streets, markets, slums, villages, schools, office complexes, parks, residential areas. It is a free show for everyone:  paan wallah, officer,  labourer, housewife or  student. Therefore, it never has a limited or ‘repeat’ audience. With actors moving at the same level as the audience, there’s no hierarchy . The simple and direct performance gives it power to reach people. There are no tickets as the aim is not to make profits. Rather, the audience is asked for contributions,” explains Prabha, a social activist from Buxar who has used the humble ‘nukkad natak’ (street corner play) to raise awareness among women on issues of income generation.

How has street theatre changed over the years? Birendra Kumar, a trainer with Ravi Bharati points out that television and reality shows have had an impact on the form and content. The format has evolved. Today some street theatre groups use costumes and basic make-up, he says. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing, because street theatre reflects the situation of the people, and today, the common man is highly influenced by the idiot box. Street Theatre reflects the idiom of the people, and raises contemporary issues.

Some trace the history of street theatre  to the 19th century when labourers and party workers wrote and did plays during the Industrial Revolution in Europe. Women  produced plays like "how the vote was won" during the suffragette movement in London in the 1900’s. The Soviet  Revolution spawned its own kind of street theatre to reach the unwashed masses. During World War II, street theatre played a role in fanning anti-war sentiments.

The history of ‘modern’ street theatre in India can be traced to Indian People's Theatre association (IPTA), formed in 1943, the first organised body to adapt the form to a more political end raising issues of imperialism and inequality. IPTA is regarded as the pioneer of the people's theatre movement in India.

HOW DEEP IS YOUR COMMITTMENT TO REFLECTING LIFE... OR ARE WE JUST PAWNS OF ESTABLISHMENT?

Shamsul Islam, a prominent theatre activist and writer notes that he first of the street theatre troupes came into being around 1967 in Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Delhi. Many of these troupes are still alive and active. He says that street theatre came into being at a time when India was beset with decline and degeneration in political, economic, social and cultural institutions. Street theatre appeared and  questioned the rot.

Hassan Imam, who needs no introduction to theatre enthusiasts in Bihar once told me that  street theatre as a genre was a reaction to the established theatre of the time. This new theatre emerged as a platform for the anti-establishment forces, providing opportunities to experiment and to express their dissent.  The nukkad is more than mere alternative theatre. It has a political message; to change the world, to encourage plurality, to promote an egalitarian society.

The establishment struck back. Shamsul Islam maintains that in Kerala, Punjab and Andhra Pradesh street theatre was banned; performers like Prabir Dutta, Rajan and Safdar killed while performing.  In the mid ‘80s at Basti in Uttar Pradesh, a woman street theatre activist was picked up by the police from the midst of a performance and raped in order to teach her a lesson. In most of the cases, state repression was let loose in the name of combating Naxalism, he says.

Today, street theatre is a recognised art form and has gained legitimacy. Groups like Asmita and Bihar Art Theatre regularly attract youngsters who enthusiastically take to street theatre as a stepping stone to careers on stage or on television. Some old timers complain that the multinationals and the government have turned this form of protest into a new form of propaganda, but that is a topic for another day.

In the meanwhile, at the Gandhi Maidan, some 150 street theatre artistes and trainees have converged from several districts to raise contemporary issues: rising prices, intolerance, domestic violence, patriarchy, the unequal distribution of wealth, and so on.  The beat of the street goes on and on…

 

Author: Frank Krishner

In Search of Gandhi

FRANK OPINIONS/ FRANK KRISHNER

In Search of Gandhi

The famous Ajanta caves in Maharashtra are worth a visit, but a few kilometres away, there’s a fascinating quiet place called Jalgaon. Here, located in a property called the Jain Hills, is a phenomenon that has already found echoes in distant north Bihar. But first, a story:

It was 1985. A farsighted industrialist wanted to set up a factory to manufacture resin, the raw material for PVC pipes. It was the ‘license raj’. So he needed a licence. The file arrived in New Delhi. The project was  accepted. All it needed was one crucial signature, that of the minister. The minister called the businessman to Delhi to discuss the deal. The ‘cost’ of the signature was 5 crore rupees. The man said that all his life he had accomplished everything on merit, and he had never paid a single rupee as bribe. He told the minister that if there was merit in the proposal , then there was no reason to pay the bribe. The signature never went on the file. Fifteen days later, a license was granted to a competitor. The man who refused to pay a bribe was Bhavarlal H. Jain, whose group became the undisputed king of PVC pipes a decade later.

This Gandhian industrialist, now chairperson of the largest irrigation systems manufacturing group in India, that has gifted the world one of the most amazing tributes to the Mahatma, the first ever dedicated multimedia Museum named ‘Gandhi Teerth’.

A walk through the museum takes about three hours. On entry, the visitor is handed an electronic gadget with a set of headphones. The guest can choose to receive the narration in Hindi or English. In the first gallery, ‘Wants and Needs’, the guest is confronted with a touch screen  and asked to make an ‘avatar’ of himself- to choose the house, clothes, and lifestyle he wants from a set of visuals. The next exhibit shows his face (recorded by the camera) and along with it his lifestyle and the how ‘cost-effective’ it is for Mother Earth. This is the first of eleven stages of the ‘Gandhi Pilgrimage’:  the childhood, influences, student life, journey to England, then India, then South Africa, then the return to India and Champaran and so on. Each gallery has surprises, experiences and new learning opportunities. Mahatma Gandhi’s school leaving results, for instance, is an eye opener. He didn’t even make it to forty percent! Paintings, sculptures, replicas of lifestyle items, actual artefacts used by Gandhi, and audio-visual magic that transports you to the sights and sounds of the late 19^th and early 20^th century: it’s an experience to remember and cherish.

But that’s not all. Before you leave, witness the work being done across India by different ‘Gandhians in action’, people using their skills and knowledge to make India’s villages work.

GANDHI 'EXAMINATION' FOR PRISONERS BY GRF

Gandhi Research Foundation, founded by Padmashree Bhavarlal Jain, (the industrialist in the story) is an international academic and research organisation that doesn’t limit itself to armchair philosophy. It is actively involved in helping surrounding villages grow organic crops, adopt water harvesting, improve the condition of their schools, and aspire to a better economic status through small income generation measures that will be linked to viable marketing strategies.

In Bihar, Bhavarlal Jain, through the Gandhi Research Foundation, has offered technical support to the Gandhi Shodh Sansthan in a sleepy undiscovered corner of West Champaran. Every week, scores of school kids from neighbouring schools go to this ordinary looking building to experience Gandhiji and admire replicas and material made possible by the GRF. They also learn to spin thread on a charkha. This is not all.

Several young people between the ages of 21 and 32 are already making their way to Bhitiharwa. They are educated, articulate achievers from across India, with one vision: to develop an environment friendly, humane, responsible and Gandhian approach to rural development in one of Bihar’s most backward districts.

Mahatma Gandhi, on 20 November 1917, had established his second basic school at Bhitiharwa. His development work was based on education, sanitation, and health. In his autobiography, he expressed his regret that his work in Champaran was left unfinished, because of the lack of committed local volunteers. It is just possible, that 95 years on, the youngsters of Bihar will rise to the occasion and by 2017, Champaran will show signs of a vibrant ‘gram swaraj’.

 

Author: Frank Krishner